At the 2015 Paris Agreement, rich countries reaffirmed their commitment to mobilize USD 100 billion a year in climate finance by 2020. They also agreed to continue mobilizing finance at the level of USD 100 billion a year until 2025. But while important pledges are on the table, the climate financial architecture faces enormous stumbling blocks. World leaders will meet anew for the UN Climate Change Conference or COP 25, amid the intransigence of big polluting countries in taking responsibility and the risks faced by peoples and countries that have least caused climate change and yet are suffering its worst impacts.

Contents

• Observations of recent impacts of climate change
• Estimates of financing requirements for climate action
• Climate finance in global climate accords
• The global climate finance infrastructure
• Problems with existing climate funds
• Towards a just global climate finance